Prospects And Consequences Of A Nuclear Winter Environmental Sciences Essay

The predicted clime ensuing from a Nuclear War is termed Nuclear Winter. Scientists predict the explosion of atomic armories would ensue in colder conditions and decreased sunshine on Earth for old ages. This posting will be limited to explicating the general effects of a Nuclear Winter and how to last them as the badness of a Nuclear Winter is dependent upon the graduated table of the atomic struggle. See Figure 1 for inside informations of atomic armories. Direct Environmental effects: The release of carbon black, aerosols and other particulate affair into the stratosphere as a consequence of the tremendous urban fires caused by atomic arm explosion in metropoliss would ensue in: Ozone depletion: The carbon black would absorb solar radiation and get down chemical procedures which would ensue in the dislocation of ozone. A ice chest clime: As shown in Figure 2, carbon black blocks out sunshine and this has the possible to do an mean temperature dip every bit immense as 7 grades. Lower rainfall: Besides shown in Figure 2, soot emanation consequences in reduced precipitation and hence lower rainfall. This is because vaporization peers precipitation. These effects would be long lasting, as air current and rain procedure do non be in the stratosphere to take the particulate affair. See Figure 3 for the predicted sum of carbon black which would be released from states devastated by a atomic war. Secondary environmental effects: Decreased agricultural production: All life beings are sensitive to alterations in clime, incident sunshine and incident UV radiation. A few specific illustrations of how agribusiness would be affected are shown in Figure 4. Destruction of home grounds and extinction of species Such dramatic clime alteration would pass over out the vegetation of home grounds every bit good as pass overing out the species unable to accommodate to the alterations. What to make in the event of a Nuclear Winter: Protect your whole organic structure ( including the eyes ) from the increased UV exposure: Try to avoid direct exposure, and if you do necessitate to venture out, wear sunblock, a chapeau and dark glassess. Counter the colder temperatures: Wear multiple beds to let motion and sweat excessively dispersed. If you are in an country probably to be threatened by a Nuclear Winter, have exigency heating methods readily available as the usual methods of warming by electricity, gas, etc may non be available. Get a consistent supply of nutrient: Reduced agriculture means less or no nutrient may be available from the usual beginnings. Hence, a pre-cautionary stock of non-perishable nutrient would be necessary and being able to turn your ain nutrient would be greatly good. Decision: A atomic winter would be lay waste toing and there would be small civilisation could make to restrict or mend the environmental effects. In a Nuclear Winter, the clime would go much colder, the ozone bed broken down and there would be small rainfall. Consequently, many home grounds would be destroyed and many species forced into extinction. This would alter our planet for good. Hence, it is indispensable that a big scale atomic war ne'er eventuates. hypertext transfer protocol: //ptonline.aip.org/journals/doc/PHTOAD-ft/vol_61/iss_12/37_1.shtml? bypassSSO=1 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hello2012.com/images/d.jpg hypertext transfer protocol: //ptonline.aip.org/journals/doc/PHTOAD-ft/vol_61/iss_12/images/37_1fig1b.jpg Figure 1. Casualties and carbon black. ( a ) Casualties ( human deaths plus hurts ) and ( B ) carbon black generated for several states subjected to 50 detonations of 15-kiloton output or to changing Numberss of 100-kt detonations in a Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty war as described in the text. ( Results for 15-kt detonations adapted from ref. 5. ) hypertext transfer protocol: //ptonline.aip.org/journals/doc/PHTOAD-ft/vol_61/iss_12/images/37_1box2fig1.jpg NUCLEAR WINTER REVISITEDA A by Dr. Alan Phillips, October 2000 Those of us who were involved in peace activities in the 80 ‘s likely retrieve a good trade about atomic winter.A Those who have become involved subsequently may hold heard small about it.A No scientific survey has been published since 1990, and really small appears now in the peace or atomic abolishment literature.A *It is still of import. * With 1000s of rocket-launched arms at â€Å" launch-on-warning † , any twenty-four hours there could be an full-scale atomic war by accident.A The fact that there are merely half as many atomic bombs as there were in the 80 ‘s makes no important difference. A Deaths from global famishment after the war would be several times the figure from direct effects of the bombs, and the lasting fraction of the human race might so decrease and disappear after a few coevalss of hungriness and disease, in a radioactive environment. *The construct of Nuclear Winter* Bombs directed at missile silos would split at land degree and throw a immense sum of dust into the ambiance, as the detonation of a vent does.A It is every bit much as a million metric tons from a big atomic bomb spliting at land degree. A Bombs bursting over metropoliss and surface installings, like mills or oil shops and refineries, would do immense fires and fire-storms that would direct immense sums of fume into the air. A The 1980 ‘s research showed that the dust and the fume would barricade out a big fraction of the sunshine and the Sun ‘s heat from the Earth ‘s surface, so it would be dark and cold like an north-polar winter.A It would take months for the sunshine to acquire back to near normal. A The cloud of dust and fume would circle the Northern hemisphere quickly.A Soon it could impact the Torrid Zones, and cold would convey absolute catastrophe for all harvests there.A Quite likely it would traverse the equator and impact the southern hemisphere to a smaller grade. A While the temperature at the surface would be low, the temperature of the upper portion of the troposphere ( 5-11 kilometer ) would lift because of sunshine absorbed by the fume, so there would be an perfectly monolithic temperature inversion.A That would maintain many other merchandises of burning down at the degrees people breathe, doing a smog such as has ne'er been seen before.A PYROTOXINS is a word coined for all the noxious bluess that would be formed by burning of the plastics, gum elastic, crude oil, and other merchandises of civilization.A It is certain that these toxicants would be formed, but we do non hold quantitative estimates.A The sum of combustible stuff is tremendous, and it would bring forth dioxins, furans, PCB ‘s, nitriles, sulfuric and sulfurous acids, oxides of N, C monoxide and C dioxide in sums that would do current concerns about atmospheric pollution seem absolutely fiddling. There would besides be toxic chemicals like ammonium hydroxide and Cl from damaged storage armored combat vehicles. A Another bad environmental thing that would go on is devastation of the ozone layer.A The decrease in the ozone bed could be 50 % – 70 % over the whole Northern hemisphere – really much worse than the current losingss that we are decently concerned about.A Nitrogen oxides are major chemical agents for this.A They are formed by combination of the O and N of the air in any large fire and around atomic detonations, as they are on a smaller graduated table around lightning flashes.A So after the fume cleared and the Sun began to reflect once more, there would be a big addition of UV making the Earth ‘s surface.A This is bad for people in several ways, but do n't worry about the tegument malignant neoplastic diseases? non many of the subsisters would populate long plenty for that to matter.A UV is besides bad for many other populating things, notably plankton, which are the bottom bed of the whole Marine nutrient chain.A There would probably be plenty UV to cause sightlessness in many animals.A Worlds can protect their eyes if they are cognizant of the danger.A Animals do non cognize to make that, and blind animate beings do non survive.A Blind insects do non pollenate flowers, so there is another ground why human harvests and natural nutrient supplies for animate beings would neglect. A Altogether, atomic winter would be an ecological catastrophe of the same kind of magnitude as the major extinctions of species thatA have occurred in the yesteryear, the most celebrated one being 65 million old ages ago at the cretaceous extinction.A Of all the species populating at the clip, about half became extinct.A The theory is that a big meteor made a great crater in the Gulf of California, seting a trillion dozenss of stone dust into the atmosphere.A That is a 1000 times as much stone as is predicted for a atomic war, but the carbon black from fires blocks sunlight more efficaciously than stone debris.A In atomic winter there would besides be radioactive taint giving worldwide background radiation doses many times larger than has of all time happened during the 3 billion old ages of evolution.A The radiation would notably decline things for bing species, though it might, by increasing mutants, let quicker development of new species ( possibly chiefly insects and grasses ) that could digest the post-war conditions.A ( I should merely advert that there is no manner the radiation from a atomic war could destruct â€Å" all life on Earth † .A People must halt stating that.A There will be plentifulness of development after a war, but it may non include us. ) *Governments did non like the thought of Nuclear Winter* The anticipation of atomic winter was published by a group headed by Carl Sagan in 1983.A The initials of their names were T-T-A-P-S, so the paper and their book has become known as â€Å" t-taps † .A It caused some dismay in authorities circles in U.S.A. and NATO states, non so much because this farther catastrophe would follow a atomic war, but because of the hike it gave to the Peace Movement. A A figure of surveies were published in the following few old ages, including major studies by The Swedish Academy of Sciences ( Ambio ) , the International Council of Scientific Unions ( SCOPE ) , and the U.S. National Research Council. A There was a thrust by authorities and the military constitution to minimise the affair, and after a few old ages the media were speaking about â€Å" atomic fall † .A ( The most amazing prevarications were propagated, e.g. that Carl Sagan admitted that his publication was â€Å" a propaganda cozenage † . ) A It was true that islands and coastal countries would hold less terrible temperature beads than the original anticipations, because of the modifying consequence of the ocean.A They would hold violent storms alternatively, because of the large temperature difference between land and H2O. A In 1990 another paper was published by the T-TAPS group reexamining in item the ulterior surveies, and demoing that some alterations to their 1983 paper were necessary.A Some of these were in the way of more terrible alterations, others towards milder changes.A The general image was small changed.A The book: â€Å" A Path Where No Man Thought † by Sagan and Turco ( one of the T ‘s ) , besides published in 1990, gives an history of current decisions for the serious non-specialist reader.A It gives elaborate descriptions of atomic winters of different badness harmonizing to how many arms were used, and against what targets.A If oil refineries and storage were the chief marks, 100 bombs would be adequate to do a atomic winter, and the smallest sizes of atomic bombs would be effectual in get downing the fires. *A new survey needed* Nuclear Winter seems to be a affair that the peace motion has mostly forgotten about, and the general populace has wholly forgotten about. Equally far as I can happen out, no new scientific survey has been published on the affair since 1990.A I feel certain we ought to be reminding the universe of it.A A new scientific survey is certainly warranted by now.A Computer modeling is a chief tool in atmospheric research, and the capacity of computing machines available to university scientists and in authorities research labs has increased really much in the last 10 old ages ; other atmospheric research has non been dormant.A The progresss need to be applied.A If a new survey happened to demo that the wake of atomic war would *not* include terrible alterations in the conditions and clime it would be great intelligence for the atomic arm constitutions, and somewhat good intelligence for those who are working for riddance of atomic arms, but we should transport on merely the same.A If, as seems more likely, the new survey mostly confirmed the T-TAPS consequences it would beef up our place in duologue and supply a focal point for a promotion run to re-awaken the voting populace to the demand to extinguish atomic arms, and the pressing demand to de-alert them. A An of import country where more information is needed is to demo whether spread of the cold is likely to impact the tropics.A A new survey could be expected to add valuable information.A Many developing states have such serious jobs of force, military disbursement, and illness, that we can barely anticipate the militants at that place to pass much of their attempt in the necessary undertaking of unifying the universe to press the atomic arms provinces to extinguish their weapons.A If it were shown that hoar is probably to make tropical latitudes in the event of a atomic war in the northern states, scientists and authoritiess in the Torrid Zones would cognize it would be an ecological catastrophe for themselves.A Even a autumn of temperature to 10 ° Celsius destroys a rice harvest. A I should stress that this is non a inquiry of forestalling â€Å" proliferation † .A The arms that pose the danger of atomic winter are the bing large arsenals.A It is these that need most desperately to be eliminated.A A war between Pakistan and India with the armories they are believed to hold at present, or the usage of the few arms that a â€Å" knave province † might do clandestinely, would be a regional catastrophe of the most awful magnitude ; but it would non do atomic winter. A Attempts are being started to involvement atmospheric scientists and to solicit support for a new survey. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.peace.ca/nuclearwinterrevisited.htm

Bbd post

A Winning Process for Launching Your Engineering Career† by Dean C. Millard Course Topics include the Career Planning Process and Task/Project Planning: Understand Yourself Career Development and Choice Theories Interest and/or (Holland) Personality Assessments Understanding your personal values, skills, interests, and traits and their impact on career possibilitiesValues and ethics relating to career choices Your strengths and promoting your strengths (will be used for elevator speech) Explore Options Researching and Exploring Engineering Careers and Employment Options Use of career libraries and other resources for occupational and major choices Databases and other on-line resources Decision making about your career Informational and behavioral interviewing Interacting with Engineering Professional(s)/Faculty at Careers Discussion Take Action Marketing Yourself: â€Å"How can you make yourself stand out? Resume and cover letter design twittering skills Networking Internships Systems Engineering: Understand the systems/team approach to modern engineering design What skills and experiences during your undergraduate career will prepare you best for the reality of today's workforce and its expectations? The role of graduate studies and how to assess the need, and undergraduate course selection implications. Leadership skill development and experiential learning opportunities. Entrepreneurship may be a goal. What strategies should you follow? The importance of excellent communication skills.Team functioning guidelines The course consists of mandatory lectures together with homework and class exercises that will allow you to tailor the material presented in class to make appropriate career choices and enhance your career development. Topics will be presented in a summary fashion during lectures and will be investigated in more detail through outside assignments and subsequent in- class presentations and discussion. Some readings may be at profession websites . The course blackboard website will be the primary method of distributing information, assignments, and class documents.One other note about the rouser website: Please be sure you are registered with your name exactly as you are registered in this course. And only use your official Cornell email as the email address when you sign in and log in each time. Also, send ALL emails only from your official Cornell gamma account, others will not be opened, including if they are a nickname or an alias. Please be sure to keep electronic (backup) copies of ALL the documents you turn in to this course until after you receive your final grade.If anything is lost along the way, you can then easily locate, and resubmit any missing comments for credit. You will also find your assessment results you AC aired in the course may be useful to you later in your career. Please keep these materials for your personal use once you finish our course! Course Grading: On-time class attendance, participation in in-class discussions, and satisfactory, on-time completion of course assignments will determine your final grade in this seminar course. This seminar only helps you make good career plans if you are a serious, motivated, and active participant. Opts. Will be earned for every lecture attended on time and only if attending or the entire class period. 10 Opts. Will be earned for each homework satisfactorily completed, typed, and submitted on time – in class. A 40% penalty will be assessed for all late materials turned in after they are due in class, up to one week late or for turning in an unsatisfactory submission which must be redone. O Opts. Credit will be earned for homework turned in more than one week after the due date – although all assignments still must be completed satisfactorily and turned in to pass the course.Several homework assignments may be given higher weighting particularly he final project and these will be announced in class and on the assignment sh eet posted on Blackboard. In addition, some assignments will be group- oriented. Absences from lecture will only be excused for official university reasons and for communicable diseases such as the flu when you should remain at home and take care of yourself. The official university reasons are illness and absence from campus on official university business, the later must be documented in writing.Proof of any missing work must be submitted prior to the final exam date, ND be of acceptable quality. Remember, any assignment turned in more than 1 week late will receive zero credit towards your grade, but the assignment must still be submitted in satisfactory form to complete the course. Final Letter Grading will be based on the percentage score out of the total possible as follows: AAA – 100 % – 89. 9 % ICC – 79. 9% D 60-69. 9% Below 60 % OR if missing or unsatisfactorily completed any required assignments #1. Tuesday, January 27th In class: Introduction/overview of course and course materials (â€Å"Ready for Takeoff')

Technology and Traditional Skills

Over the last half century, modern technology has developed dramatically world wide and many people have been facinated this trend. On the other hand, it is a significant fact that traditional skills and a way of life have been faded rapidly. this phenomenon has also brought several issues in modern societies. In my opinion, the importance of traditional skills and customs shoud be recognized by individuals. This essay will examine three aspects of advantages of preserving the traditional skills and customs. Fist of all, traditional practices often increase a sense of community and a social cohesion. For instance, national festivals have a significant meaning in terms of clutural and historical education. As people realize the importance of their heritage through the festival, they can improve their patriotism and sympathy with a social bonding. Secondly, the inheritance of traditional methods and social customs have a profond impact on next generations. For example, folklore, historical stories and songs can be the best way to teach children how to learn a moral and wisdoms to live in societies. These children will be able to interact with other people when they grow up and start working in the community. In addition, these children who learned a moral and wisdoms through the education of traditional skills and knowledge will contribute to next generations. Furthermore, following conventional skills play a vital role not only to social cohesion but also to preserve environment. Convention skills such as walking towards a distination and using handmade products are all easy on environment because these practices are often harmless the nature due to saving petrol and redusing wastes. Thus these conventional practices enable peolpe to learn how to protect environment. By comparison, technology has brought unpleasant problems world wide. Peolpe who are addicted to the Internet have a tendency of a lack of communication skills and sympathies with orther people. Hence some sociologists are apprehensive that crimes among young people have been increasing due to the prevalence of the technological development. In conclusion, people should realize the importance of trafditional customs and skills because these practices have great advantages and it contributes positive influence to people in societies and the future.

Practicum Counseling Report Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Practicum Counseling Report - Case Study Example I explained at no time during the session would there be shaming, blaming, criticism or judgment. The goal of the session was to test listening and dialogue skills (Hendrix, 2008). Hope and Jermaine Bailey wanted to discuss their increasing feelings of isolation in their marriage. There children were grown and had left their house. The quiet of their home had become deafening for both of them and Jermaine was spending less and less time at home with Hope. The tradition of family dinners ended when the children left. Both Hope and Jermaine find themselves freer than ever before. They feel like they have let their relationship grow stale. Hope tells me that she feels like they don't have quality time together. She feels like Jermaine is uninterested in her - he works all day and is busy in the evening-Hope works during the day and is home in the evening. Hope explains that she feels like Jermaine's life is more exciting than hers. She is feeling frustrated because he doesn't seem to listen to her when he is home-he always seems preoccupied according to Hope. Hope doesn't feel like she is a part of Jermaine's life or the people he surrounds himself with. Jermaine explains that when he comes home he is always tired. I don't think she understands what I'm going through at work. I have a pretty stressful job. Jermaine says he is annoyed that Hope doesn't understand that he is tired and that he doesn't listen to her because she is a complainer. She talks at him instead of to him. Jermaine and Hope didn't have these insights when we first started the session. The couple first started talking about what they argue about-the dirty dishes and not being home at mealtime. By the end of the session, the real problems were divulged and it had nothing to do with mealtimes and dirty dishes. I explained that they were cut up in a trap and that they could get out of it. I gave an example of the trap they were in-he complains that she is irritable and argumentative and negative so he tunes her out, doesn't share his thoughts or feelings with her and becomes isolated. He shuts himself off from the relationship and she is pushing him a way from her while becoming clingy and needy because he is physically and emotionally removed from the relationship. Hopes clinginess and neediness is pushing Jermaine farther away instead of bringing him closer like she desires. By the end of the session Hope explained to Jermaine that she feels if she gives him more space they won't have a relationship. Jermaine explains to Hope that he worries that she loves him, but isn't in love with him any more. Both explain that they are feeling pressured in the marriage. Neither really feels that home is a safe haven anymore. Session #2: Date of session: October 6, 2008 Time of Session: 7PM Location of session: We returned to the same space used for the first session. The room was set up in the same way. The first few minutes of the session was used to calm the couple down through breathing exercises. I explained at no time during the session would there be shaming, blaming, criticism or judgment. The goal of the session was to recapture their feelings of isolation and to find ways to use dialogue more effectively (Hendrix, 2008). Background information: Hope and Jermaine began to see their patterns of behavior and

Banking2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Banking2 - Essay Example with the article 7 of the Saudi Banking Control Law the items that are allowed to be held for liquidity reserves by the commercial banks are the following ones: ‘cash, gold or assets’ (article 7). The legal maximum loan size that commercial banks in Saudi Arabia can give is mentioned in the article 8 of the Saudi Banking Control Law. In accordance with this article a commercial bank in Saudi Arabia is not allowed to give a loan which exceeds the ‘25% of the bank’s reserves and paid-up or invested capital’ (article 8). In accordance with the article 10 there is a series of activities prohibited to banks across Saudi Arabia; we could indicatively refer to the following ones: a) to get involved in wholesale or retail trade activities, b) to purchase the shares of a bank operating in Saudi Arabia, c) to acquire or lease real estate – unless this is necessary for the development of the firm’s activities or because of debts to the bank (article 10). The above activities are permitted to banks operating in Saudi Arabia only after the written authorization of the Agency. 5. List 4 activities that SAMA (Central Bank of Saudi Arabia) would implement if it discovers that a commercial bank is not abiding with banking laws especially when those un-allowed activities adversely affect the bank’s ability to repay back its loans and/or affect his liquidity position? In case that a bank operating in Saudi Arabia fails to follow the rules set in the country’s Banking legal framework, then it can be controlled by SAMA; the above authority can take the measures required in order to ensure the protection of the public from the particular organization; in this context, the following activities can be developed – enforced by SAMA: a) appoint one or more appropriately skilled advisers, b) order the suspension of any officer – or even the director – who is considered as responsible for the organizational failures, c) set limits to the credit offered to the

Performance Appraisal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Performance Appraisal - Essay Example Therefore, the value of performance appraisals should not be underestimated by any organization. Performance appraisal is a system that evaluates job performances over a given period. It is simply an annual report on the performance of employees. Performance appraisal processes differ depending on organization, but they all serve the same purpose, which is to evaluate employees. Well-structured appraisals have numerous benefits to the organization. The main benefit of performance appraisal is to offer motivation to employees. Motivation adds energy to employees, making them remain focused to organizational goals and objectives. Achieving employee motivation through appraisals occurs through several ways (Arthur, 2008). Appraisals serve as strong indicators of the need to improve on job performance. Without the knowledge on how one is performing on the job, an employee lacks the motivation to make improvements. Recognizing employee performance improves their psychological wellbeing. The important issue about performance appraisals is that they make employees feel valued by the organization. The message passed over to employees by their managers motivates the employees regardless of being a positive or negative message. Through performance appraisals, employees realize the need for personal development, growth and learning. Employees focused on taking their careers to higher levels use appraisals to advance their careers (Arthur, 2008). In cases where appraisals reveal that employees are sleeping on their jobs, a wake up signal is passed over to employees, and they realize the need to refocus and reenergize. Appraisals further increase job satisfaction in situations where employees get positive recommendations from their managers. Organizations have strategic plans, which need to be met within a stipulated period. Effective appraisals are fundamental tools, which enable an organization to meet its strategic goals. With such

Figures for foreign language learning in different EU countries Assignment

Figures for foreign language learning in different EU countries - Assignment Example Languages are vital and need attention if the commission is to achieve capacity to increase productivity. Poor language skills, on the other hand, create obstacles to free movement of workers. People who cannot use foreign languages cannot secure cross-border employment that accelerates the home country’s ability to earn foreign exchange. English is becoming the first foreign language in the European Union. Kelly (2013) noted that English is the most taught foreign language, both in Europe and the world at large, because it plays a key role in daily life. Other foreign languages have also been identified as the primary accelerators towards the achievement of the European Commission’s 2020 plan. Therefore, member states make teaching and learning of foreign languages significantly more effective by ensuring proper quantity, quality, focus, guidance and monitoring. Kelly (2013) used secondary data methodology in carrying out his research study. In this method, the researcher collected data from available sources such as news articles, the European Union publications, and progress reports of ongoing foreign language learning projects. The main disadvantage of using secondary data methodology is that errors from the original data collection may be reflected in the current study. News articles are sometimes criticised because of lack of objective foundation for the data; information aired in the news are not researched well, but depend on public opinions. European Union publications are the most accurate sources of information that the author used to come up with the results. This is because the commission employs highly experienced researchers and data collected must be filtered to ascertain validity and reliability. The research study by Liepa and Ratniece (2013) focused on development of a model for studying a foreign language based on integrated language acquisition. The problem identified by Liepa and Ratniece (2013) in their research constituted

How students understand the lectures notes Essay

How students understand the lectures notes - Essay Example According to Hughes and Suritsky (2006), students usually struggle to keep pace with their lecturers and more often not sure on what to take down as notes. Majority do not like asking their fellow students for fear of disclosing their disability making it even more difficult to understand these notes. Other students find it very difficult to understand lecturer’s notes because of the language used. Some lecturers, for example, use English when lecturing, but English is not their first language. Following such lecturer’s notes is incredibly hard unless one makes a lot of extra efforts. Other lecturers use coded language and short sentences that are difficult to follow. Some use shorthand abbreviation and symbols that are hard to understand. However, there are other students who understand lecture notes with ease. According to research that was carried by Trent University (n.d), there are certain things that a student should do before, during and after the lecture. Before the lecture student should reflect on the topic and anticipate what will be covered. More importantly, one should review the previous lectures notes and do the assigned readings to anticipate on their relationship with the next lecture. During the lecture, one should not necessarily write down anything that is given out. Listen carefully for the main points, and cue words used by the lecturer. Know what to write down, for example, new facts and points which the lecturer pauses on or repeats. In addition, develop your personal note taking system. For instance, develop your own abbreviations and symbols and learn to write notes in point form. Research shows students who leave lecture halls before time lose a lot of significant information of what they learn (Longman and Atkinson, 2009). Instead, one should review the tutors notes after it ends. Outlining all the main points and filling all the blank

Grammar Errors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Grammar Errors - Essay Example However, the phrase fails to portray the emphasis on open-ended assessments. To correct this, the author would have used the phrase â€Å"centered on† to indicate that open-ended assessments are the main focus of the grading cycle. Similarly, the title of the book ‘More Perfect Unions’ by Davis captures the attention of the reader but fails in grammar (Davis cover page). The correct title would have been â€Å"Perfect Unions†, since perfection is absolute. It is not possible to have a better object than a perfect one, thus, the phrase â€Å"more perfect† is wrong. Lacquaniti et al. explore malnutrition in elderly people diagnosed with kidney problems who are on dialysis (Lacquaniti, Bolignano and Campo 240). The authors note that â€Å"Numerous hormonal and depletive elements concur in the pathogenesis of malnutrition, and while some can be ascribed to dialysis itself†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The authors give the wrong meaning of the sentence, since they want to point out that dialysis can cause malnutrition but there is another causative factor. The word â€Å"while† should, therefore, be replaced with the word â€Å"although† to portray that both are risk factors in malnutrition, but the others are the main causes. In the book ‘Lecturing: A Practical Guide’, Brown and Race use the term â€Å"enthuse† to indicate how students can be trained to enjoy a lecture (Brown and Race 11). The use of the word enthuse, however, does not portray the urgency of the training. A better way would be to use the term â€Å"motivate†, which indicates the need to excite the students.

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 18

Human Resource Management - Essay Example This makes me set my direction in the field of information systems only where after completing my Masters in Information Systems, I will enter the corporate world, equipped with my learning, knowledge, skills gained and abilities polished. Talking of my skills, choosing computers at the very beginning of my academic career has imparted a lot of technical skills in me. Further more, computer science involves frequent group projects and team works which has helped me improve upon my communication and interpersonal skills. Now when I am into my Majors, regular presentations, case studies and other assignments are further helping me develop and nurture my managerial skills in the way I manage my time, interact with others and plan my activities to attain short term objectives. This combination of all kinds of skills and knowledge in the fastest growing domain in business presents a plethora of opportunities ahead. Companies are in continuous search for competent computer professionals where I feel I can contribute a lot through my skills and abilities. I am also aware of the growing impetus on employee performance and provision of incentive plans and promotional opportunities based on performance and contribution made. As such, I plan to constantly build up my current inventory of knowledge, skills and abilities through regular training and courses (Rouda & Mitchell 1996). This is important because computer science and information systems is one area where every day new technology comes in, turning the previous one obsolete. Thus to remain competitive in my career, I need to constantly strive to enhance my capabilities and existing skill set. The company will also provide for my training and development but I will also look for regular certification on my own. This will make me more dynamic in my work and in a position to demand more for my services and work. In this light, company and

How Hardy and Steinbeck treat the theme of outsiders in The Withered Arm and Of Mice and Men Essay Example for Free

How Hardy and Steinbeck treat the theme of outsiders in The Withered Arm and Of Mice and Men Essay Hardy and Steinbeck both use the theme of outsiders strongly in their stories. The term outsider means one who is not a member of a profession, party or circle or one not acquainted with or interested in something that is going on. A person can be an outsider for many different reasons for example loneliness, disability, gender, race, age, size and action. Steinbecks short story Of Mice and Men was set on a ranch in California during the American Depression in the late 1930s. The story is about two men Lennie and George. Lennie is mentally disabled so George looks after him. When Lennie and George first meet the bosss son Curley he immediately feels threatened by Lennies size. Lennie and George go and work on the ranch because they want to save up their money so they can buy a ranch of their own. As the story progresses 2 other characters, Candy and Crooks, become interested in their idea and ask if they can help out. Lennie is given a puppy by Slim (another worker on the ranch). One time Lennie is petting it and does not know his own strength and kills it. Curleys wife comes in and asks what is wrong he tells her what happened and that it only happened because he likes stroking things. She lets him stroke her hair because she thinks it is soft. Lennie gets carried away and wont let go. Curleys wife struggles so much that he breaks her neck. Lennie becomes so frightened that he runs away and just leaves the body. Curley sees his wife and says he is going to give Lennie a horrible death. George hears Curley and decides to kill Lennie himself quickly and painlessly. George finds Lennie and starts to talk about their dream ranch, he raises the gun and shoots Lennie in the back when he is not looking. Hardys novella The Withered Arm was set in England in the 1800s. It is about a woman named Rhoda who has a son with the owner of the dairy farm at which she works. But now the farmer does not want to know her and is married to a younger prettier woman. Rhoda wanted to know what the new wife looked like so she sent her son to go and see. The son came back and told Rhoda what she was like. Rhoda had a dream, she dreamt that Farmer Lodges new wife was sitting on her and she thrust her left arm with her wedding ring on into Rhodas face. Rhoda grabbed her arm and threw her to the floor. The next day the farmers new wife visited Rhoda and revealed to Rhoda some marks on her left arm. A few weeks later Gertrude (Farmer Lodges wife) came back to see Rhoda and showed her that the marks on her arm were getting worse. Months later Gertrude goes to see a conjuror who makes an egg mixture which shows Rhodas face and says that to cure her arm Gertrude must touch the neck of a man who has been hung before he goes cold. Rhoda and her son leave and were never seen leaving. Gertrude found out when the next hanging was taking place and she then travelled to the jail. After the hanging she was shown where the body was. As she touched the body somebody behind her screamed. Gertrude turned around and saw Rhoda and Farmer Lodge standing there. The dead boy was Rhodas son. A few days later Gertrude passed away with shock. There are four main outsiders in Of Mice and Men and also in The Withered Arm. The outsiders in Of Mice and Men are Crooks, Candy, Lennie and Curleys wife and in The Withered Arm they are Rhoda, Gertrude, Farmer Lodge and Rhodas son. Crooks is an outsider in Of Mice and Men because he is black and everybody else on the ranch is white so he is branded as different. A moment in the story where Crooks loneliness is shown is when Lennie comes into his room: You go on get outa my room. I aint wanted in the bunkhouse and you aint wanted in my room This shows that Crooks is not allowed to go in their rooms invading their private space so he does not want them coming in his room doing that, if he is not allowed to do it. An outsider in The Withered Arm Rhoda. She is and outsider because she has a son with Farmer Lodge and does not talk to any of the other workers at the dairy farm, so they think she is stuck-up: as the milkmaid spoke she turned her face so that she could glance past her cows tail to the other side of the barton, where a thin fading woman of thirty milked somewhat apart from the rest. This is a part in the story where Rhoda is at work at the dairy farm and all the other workers are talking about Farmer Lodges new wife. Rhoda does not join in the conversation for obvious reasons, but as they talk the workers look over at her. Candy is another outsider in Of Mice and Men. He is an outsider because he is older than any of the other workers. A part in the story where Candys loneliness is visible is when his dog is taken from him and shot by some of the other workers because they are sick of the smell of it: Candy did not answer. The silence fell on the room againCandy lay still staring at the ceiling Candy did not want his dog to be killed because it was his friend, but when it is killed he feels lonely as if he has got no one left. Farmer Lodge is also an outsider in The Withered Arm. He is an outsider because he is older than any of the other workers and he is rich, which everybody else is not. When he marries his new wife Gertrude they see him as being lonely because he has married a younger woman. Curleys wife is an outsider because in Of Mice and Men she has just married Curley and moved to the ranch, which his dad owns. All the other workers think she must be lonely because she is always seen wandering around the ranch, she is never seen with Curley. Similarly Gertrude is an outsider in The Withered Arm because she has just married Farmer Lodge and moved to his home. When she comes home with Farmer Lodge everybody is talking about her Who is she? and What does she look like? so this must make her fell as though people are talking at her behind her back. In Of Mice and Men Lennie is an outsider because he has a mental disability and is looked after by George. He is also does not know his own strength and hurts Curley, this incident makes him feel more vulnerable to the other workers: Lennie smiled with his bruised mouth. I didnt want no trouble, he said. He walked toward the door In the same way Rhodas son is an outsider in The Withered Arm because he is dominated by his mother and at the end when he is hung, he is wrongly accused of something because of injustice: a young fellow deserved to be let off, this on does; only just turned eighteen, and only present by chance when the rick was fired This is the part in the story when Gertrude goes to see if there is any hangings happening the next day and is told about one, which is Rhodas son. The man who is telling her says he is innocent. Dreams are featured a lot in both stories. Lennie, George and Candy have a dream in Of Mice and Men to own their own ranch: Well have a big vegetable patch and a rabbit-hutch and chickens. Lennie and George at first are going to buy the ranch by themselves but then Lennie accidentally tells Candy, so George lets him help them. Curleys wife also has a dream to become an actress and be respected. In The Withered Arm Rhoda has a dream about Gertrude sitting on her with the wedding ring on: the young wife, in the pale silk dress and white bonnetthe figure thrust forward its left hand mockingly, so as to make the wedding ring it wore glitter in Rhodas eyesswung out her right hand seized the confronting spectre by its obtrusive left arm, and whirled it backward to the floor However in this story the dream comes true because Gertrude visits Rhoda and shows her the marks on her arm. In Of Mice and Men the style is mainly conversational, we learn about events through dialogue. Through language we can tell that the boss is aloof to the workers. The language is like a childs when Lennie is moving; he is described like an animal. This story is known as a novella. It deals with poor and working class people. In The Withered Arm the style is also conversational, we learn about Rhoda at the beginning through conversation. It is third person narrative and in the past tense. This story is known as a short story. Through language we can also tell that the boss is aloof to the workers. This story also deals with poor and working class people. The settings are very similar, as they are both set on a farm in remote areas of the countries in which they are set. The Withered Arm is set on a dairy farm in England but Of Mice and Men is set on a ranch in California.

Result produces movement Essay Example for Free

Result produces movement Essay When our bodies require us to produce movement our brains have to provide our muscles with the signals to carry out the movement, this type of communication between the brain and the muscle is known as nerve impulses, these nerve pulses are electrical currents that travel from the central nervous system also known as the CNS through nerves and then to the desired muscle tissues, which the final result produces movement. Therefore initially when we begin exercise there are more muscles involved which require nerve impulses from the brain to create the movement, and these have to be sent within split seconds, this is why the nerve impulses coming from the brain increase, because not only do they have to send the normal resting nerve impulses but they also have to send nerve impulses to the desired organs or parts of the body which now have had an increase demand of contractions. For example the hearts contractions initially in exercise increase by up to 10-20 beats per a minute therefore to carry out this increased heart contractions more nerve impulses are needed to be sent. Also when these increased signals are sent, initially any muscular contractions would also be on the incline because at rest or relaxation all muscles still need to contract otherwise the body would just collapse or flop, therefore slight signals are sent to these muscles to remained contracted, however as soon as exercise begins the brain sends increased amount of nerve impulses to contract the muscles at a quicker rate, this is why it is said that weight resistant training can be more beneficial to loose weight, because as the muscle contractions are quicker they require more and more energy. The signal sent from the CNS to the muscles is whats called an Action Potential, as the signal is sent to the motor neurones the motor neurones signal a contraction to the muscle fibres. The Action Potential increases because the signals sent from the brain to the CNS are an increased amount of signals therefore the CNS has to provide more Action Potentials to assure that the motor neurones signal quickly enough to the muscle fibres to produce the desired movements. Acetylcholine diffusion occurs across the gap between the nerve and the muscle, this produces an electrical signal which is known as the Excitatory post-synaptic action potential, as initial exercise begins the diffusion of Acetylcholine is going to increase because as the muscle requires to contract more to produce more movement this requires more electrical signals to be sent to the muscles to produce this contraction, therefore Acetylcholine needs to diffuse more quickly to ensure that the Excitatory post-synaptic action potential occurs, otherwise if this signal is not big enough the muscle tissues will fail to contract sufficiently. In result of the increased Acetylcholine production, there is an enzyme known as Cholinesterase, this type of enzyme has the characteristics to break down the Acetylcholine, this is essential that Acetylcholine is broken down because it allows the muscle to be ready to receive the next signal. Therefore in the first stages of exercise because there are increased amounts of signals to produce rapid muscle contractions there is increased amounts of Acetylcholine production therefore the enzyme Cholinesterase has to be increased in order to break down the Acetylcholine quick enough to be ready to produce the next muscle signal.

You Are What You Eat Essay

You Are What You Eat Essay You are what you eat is a phrase a lot of people use. Im not sure who came up with that phrase but it is very true. Food is a big part of what bring people together here in Yap. Most gathering on island during celebration looks colorful because of all the variety of local food, including fruits and vegetables. The people of Yap are friendly and they have the habit of offering food and drinks to visitor that comes to their place. It is very offending if the visitors do not except the food that was offered to them. Nowadays people would still offer food to visitors but what they have is not healthy food. Most are ashamed of eating to eat healthy food; a can of tuna is better than crabs. This attitude also transfers to all a lot of children, most would rather have luncheon meat, hotdogs, corn beef, or even turkey tail in as their food rather than fish, crab or clam. So, In addition, most of the foods eaten here in Yap are store bought food because it is that is fast and easy to eat. It may taste good and it is easy to make, but is modern food good for us? When ask an individual they would tell you that it is not. When an individual is asked, he or she would say it is not good, but what is said and what is done are two totally different stories. What they say and what they do is two totally different stories. How we eat and what we eat shows people how we were raised and what kind of person we would turn out to be. A person People who watches what they eat and does exercise is are more likely to be healthy. A person eating junk food who sleeps a lot and does no exercise would probably be obese and more likely to be diabetic. In the real world, it is not easy for a child children to stick with a healthy diet because what they see they copy. Parents who mix sugar in their drinks have children that also do the same thing. It is also the same with alcoholic parent their children are more likely to be alcoholic. It is up to the parents or the person taking care of the child to play a big role in not only making healthy choices for children and teaching children to make healthy choices for themselves. Before children likes to swim, play tag with other children or even jump rope but nowadays you hardly see children doing that. Most children spend their time playing games or watching television and eating junk food. The advertisements on television does not help children to eat better. What the children sees on TV to them looks delicious and appetizing, so they would pester their parents to get it for them. If parents or the person taking care of the child is a lenient one, the child would get what they he or sh e wants. The hospital can also help with the support and information the parents and caregivers needs to make healthy choices while instilling healthy eating habits in children that will last a lifetime. Health providers should help the communities to understand the consequence of eating imported food. Long before the foreigner came, people teach by showing examples and explaining things. The old teaches the young what is good to eat and how to go about fixing it. No one worries about gaining weight having cardiac problem or even having high blood pressure. People only eat local food and they live long and stay healthy. Today our way of leaving is declining because of all this easy to get food from the store. We have doctors, nurses and scientists telling us how to manage our lives. They also tell us to go back to the way we used to eat, which is good but hard because most of us grow up with modern food or imported food. When people attend a celebration or even a small gathering, food is one of the things people like to share but instead of eating local food, they would eat imported food (Needs Assessment for Micronesian Health Care in Hawaii 13). Today with people coming back from school with all this idea in their head on how to better help the people of Yap States. They go aroun d saying people should not do this or do that because of too much sugar, instead of showing and saying that they can eat this kind of food, but not all the time. Even in the hospital, nurses sometimes give wrong information to inpatients, especially to diabetic once. Some nurses would tell the patient not to eat certain local food because it contains sugar. In reality the patient can eat the food because it is local, but not all the time. One of the things that help people in Yap long time ago to stay healthy is exercise. Everything Yapese people do is a certain kind of exercise. Even going from places to places people either walk or go by canoe. Getting firewood is also not an easy task but the women also do this kind of work. They cut and gather two to three baskets of firewood for their own house. The women go to taro patches clean and harvest the taro which is not an easy job. Sometimes harvesting taro for the family a women would do that two to three times a week with one to two basket of taro. Sometimes they would climb up or look under the coconut tree for leaves to cut and weave it into basket for the taro. They also do gardening and most of the time the males do not help. They cut small trees, vines pull up grass or weeds and they even burn down big trees so that they can plant seeds underneath. They would carry the taro home and also cook it. They take care of cooking for the whole family, cleaning the house , and taking care of the children with the help of the young girls if the family has any. The ladies do not have that much free time to hang out with their neighbors because almost everything around the house they are responsible for. Girls have the responsibilities to help their mothers with the chores around the house. This paragraph needs to be written in the past tense as it is a discussion of the past As for the men fishing is one of the things they do for their families and relatives. They would either go spear fishing, netting, using lines or trolling by boat. Trolling and line fishing is more relaxing then netting and spear fishing. Netting and spear fishing is one kind of fishing that deals with swimming or diving around in the water. For the women only few of them goes fishing for their families but the rest do not. The men also have the responsibility to build houses for his family or help his extended families with their houses. Sometimes, the men would help with preparing the garden. If the men are not fishing they are building canoe or teaching young boys how to build things. Most of the time, the men are the once who climb coconut tree to get coconut for the family and they also climb and harvest betel nut to chew. The boys help with the climbing and sometimes the girls if the family does not have boys. Past experience also The pacific island countries are in a state of transition. Pacific island people are changing very fast from a lifestyle which is very healthy, with farming, fishing, walking and gardening, to a less healthy lifestyle where food and goods are purchased and not produced locally, people use cars, and generally there is less physical exercise. The increased migration from villages areas to towns and cities has also meant a big change to the pacific way of life. Today people do not have enough exercise they spend most of their time watching television and when they want to go somewhere they go by car. Climbing coconut is another way of exercising which few people are still doing it. The taro patches is over grown with weeds because people are too lazy or do not care to clean them. People have the tendency eat and lay down to rest or sleep claiming that the food they just eat need to digest. Other people would jag around the lagoon and comes back and eat whatever they want. The only exerc ise most people do is to walk from the house to their car. Parents have the tendency to over feed their children and by doing this they create a problem. First they start introducing food to the baby when they are a few months old because to them the baby is not having enough food with breastfeeding. Second is when the baby is a toddler, the parents would spoon feed the toddler to the point that the toddler with start to refuse the food and the parents would force the child to eat all the food in the plate. Right at that minute the parents create a problem, forcing the child to eat more than the childs body needs. Too Yapese a fat child is considered healthy and a slime or skinny child is considering sickly and needs to fatten up. Health worker should encourage and explain to the parents that babies should only stick to breastfeeding for the next six months. After the six months, when feeding the baby they should not over feed them. When the baby is full the parents should stop feeding. By doing this the parents help the child to eat only wh at their body needs not what they think their body needs. It is also good to start giving local food to your child and not store bought baby food. Also, the parents or caretaker should stay away from giving coconut milk to new born it is full of fats. The doctors, nurses, and health worker should advice this people to stay away from coconut milk. Even though Yapese people believe that giving coconut milk to babies is very healthy and also feeding them that young is good for the mother and babies. Healthy people long ago only drink plain water and coconuts. Those are the two kinds of drink that they drink and it is good for them. Plain water or coconut without ice and it is not cold. Today people bought soft drink from the store and other things to mix with their water including sugar. They even bought alcohol like beer and other beverages to also drink. People do not have time to look for coconut and if they do they harvest them to sell not to drink at the house. Coconuts are turning into copra because only few people would drink them. For those that they want to drink they spend money looking for them and buying them. Coconuts are getting very expansive to buy nowadays. So, parents mix their childrens drink or by them juice from the store and send them to school. Some even buy soft drink for their kids because to them it is cheaper than buying coconut. According to Maria Laaken, one of my colleagues at the hospital children nowadays wont drink plain water because it does not taste good and they dont want to be different from the other kids. At the same time the parents dont want to deal with all complains early in the morning before going to school. Yap is well known for having many good healthy local foods. It is the people who made bad choices when it comes to food. All ever the island you will see variety of local food including vegetables and at the same time some of the stores also sell local food and vegetables. It is easy and possible to grow them because Yapese people also own land. It should be foreign people or people from other places who should have problem with their diet not Yapese. Instead foreign people go around looking for all the local food and the Yapese goes look for all the imported food. Most taro patches here in Yap are overgrown with grass or weeds because people like to eat white rice. Inside most ice-box of people here in Yap is full of turkey tails and chicken, it is hard to find fish. Overweight in the Pacific Professor Susan Cassels claim that all of the foods that the people in the Federal States of Micronesia like to eat are foods that are easy to get or easy to make and it is affordable or a lot cheaper. One of those foods is turkey tails and turkey tail to the people in the United States is not food because to them it is fertilizer. To the Yapese it is one of the cheapest and tasty foods because of all the grease and fats. Increase availability of money and people is expose to imported foods have result in people not eating the right kind of food, and increase consumption, with diets high in sugar and fats and often low in fiber, vitamins and minerals. A reduction in physical activity, fishing, walking, gardening has led to an increase in obesity in both adults and children. The exercise researcher at the Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Baton Rouge, La. Dr. Timothy S. Church, the reason the population is getting obese and overweight is because of lack of physical activities at work, and those jobs that makes people to do physical labor are all gone. A high rate of smoking and increasing consumption of alcohol makes the situation worse. The eating habit of people here in Yap contributes to most of the diseases that the people of Yap encounter. Because of foreign influence and people wanting to be Americanize or modernize they would go to a lot of trouble to eat imported food. Before people hard ly get sick and when they do it is not life threatening. People do not have problem with their sugar level or have high blood pressure. Consumption of imported food contributes to a lot of people dying in Yap. All the non-communicable disease in Yap can be stop or prevented by going back to the way we leave. We eat only local food either from these or from the land and this sickness will leave our people and also our island (Jackson 88). There are many non-communicable diseases here in Yap. One of them is diabetic, also known as having problem with your sugar level. Diabetes develops when the body does not make enough insulin or is not able to use insulin effectively, or both. There are two types of diabetic, I and II. Diabetic type I it is believe that a person is born with that type of non-communicable diseases or it is passed from mother to child. As for the other type, type II diabetic a person gets it latter in life. In 2006 to 2007 there was a survey done on Yap Proper and it shows that in general 23% of the people are diabetic and 35% are hypertension (Ichiho, Yurow, and Lifang 16). People with diabetes can lead a normal healthy life. Diabetes is manageable by eating the right food, exercise and sometimes medication. Medication that the patient is taking does not cure the patient but only help to prolong the patients life. All people with diabetes and hypertension that need advice about diabetes and hypertensi on management can ask help from a doctor or nurse. The population of Yap Island has significant burdens of obesity and overweight, hypertension, and diabetes. Obesity and overweight appear in children as young as two years of age and skyrocket between ages 15 and 25 years in both males and females. Following the development of obesity, both males and females begin to experience hypertension and diabetes within 10 years. (Durand 163) It is suspected that this non-communicable disease happens because of all the imported food the people eat and drink. To prevent people from having diabetic people needs to go back to the way they live. Go back to eating local food from the sea and food from the land. Compare to the United States the Federal States of Micronesia has 20% more diabetic people (Needs Assessment for Micronesian Health Care in Hawaii 28). The other non-communicable disease is hypertension. There are two types of hypertension. One is Primary Hypertension and that is the most common form, accounting for majority of cases in Yap. Second is Secondary Hypertension and it occurs as a result of many factors one example is kidney disease. No one knows the cause of hypertension the only thing they know is the contributing factor and they are ageing, smoking, eating food with to much salt in it, being overweight or obese, drinking a lot of alcohol, not enough exercise, stress to name a few. To prevent people from having hypertension they should maintain a healthy weight because being over weight contributes to have high blood pressure. The other thing is people should get regular exercise because being physically active makes the person less likely to have high blood pressure. It those not mean you have to ran around the track or being in a marathon. It just means that people needs to move a bit like wash dishes, cooking local food, gardeningà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦etc. Many people in Yap are dying because of what they put in their mouth. Most dead is because of the amount of food people eat and also what kind of food they eat. The lifestyle of the people in Yap contributes to a lot of problem that people are facing getting fat and obese are two other health problem that the people of Yap encounter. Some end up with amputate limb because of uncontrolled eating ways others noncompliant once are dying each day. According to Jackson, the bad news about these diseases is that they are now killing Micronesians fastà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ at least one person dies every second day from cardiovascular diseases in other words one person every other day eats themselves to death! Diabetes and hypertension has increase in proportion in our islands. In 2010 alone there are 847 diabetes and hypertension patients total that comes in for visits (Yap State Statistical Yearbook 148). This means that people in our island can and has suffer from complications from diabetes an d hypertension such as blindness, amputations and kidney failure. After having one of these conditions the individual will pass away eventually. There are a lot of things the hospital can do to help the people of Yap States to eat healthy and live long but that is up to the people to be willing to except the advice given to them. The doctors, nurses and health workers can only do so much but it is all depend on each individual. The doctors, nurses, and health worker can show people what would happen if they will not listen to their advice but if the individual is close minded than this really nothing the hospital can do. One solution is to keep to the traditional ways of living, eating and exercising including dancing. The people must also keep in mind that not only eating healthy food would save them but also exercises help. They also need to teach and encourage the public that eating healthy starts when people are young. They should not wait until it is too late. Because having a heart attack is not a laughing matter once a person gets it there gone. Unlike strokes and heart failure they will still see tomorrow but still th ey can also go anytime. Even kidney failure, having that is a drain on the families of the patient. The people should go back and start planting their garden again that is if they want to live long. They should also start cleaning their taro patches and planting taro. Be aware of diabetes and hypertension and what is going on about these diseases. People have to have protective measures to prevent the incidence of having hypertension and diabetes. Every year in Yap women and mens week are held to help doctors to detect any diseases and sickness that the people of Yap might have. It is held every year but it is really up to the people of Yap State to want to do it. Announcement goes out by radio, television and even flyer to encourage people to join. One should change ones lifestyle, so that one is more active and is able to either prevent hypertension and diabetes or, if suffering, learn to cope up with it. Having these kind of diseases is hard because there is no turning back once a person has it they have it for life. So, it is really up to the individual to decide what is better for them and their kids. Too either gets sick and dies young or lives long and have a healthy life.

Vanitas :: essays research papers

Vanitas Vanitas, found in many recent pieces, is a style of painting begun in the 17th Century by Dutch artists. Artists involved in this movement include Pieter Claesz, Domenico Fetti and Bernardo Strozzi . Using still-life as their milieu, those artists and others like them provide the viewer with ideas regarding the brevity of life. The artists are giving us a taste of the swiftness with which life can fade and death overtakes us all. Some late 20th Century examples were shown recently at the Virginia Museum of Art in Richmond, Virginia. Among the artists represented in this show were Miroslaw Balka (Polish, b. 1958), Christian Boltanski (French, b. 1944), Leonardo Drew (American, b. 1961), Felix Gonzalez-Torres (American, b. Cuba, 1957- 1996), Jim Hodges (American, b. 1957), Anish Kapoor (British, b. India, 1954), and Jac Leirner (Brazilian, b. 1961). In the poem Vanitas Vanitatum by John Webster, we are given a clear view of this movement in the art world. â€Å"ALL the flowers of the spring Meet to perfume our burying† is a beautiful juxtaposition of the beauty of life and the sorrow of passing away. Actually, any definition of this term would be overshadowed by this poem, it so clearly sums up the meaning and importance behind the word Vanitas. "Vanitas still life with portrait of a young painter " by David Bailly includes such objects as dying flowers, a skull, a painting of musician, musical instruments (recorder, conductor’s baton), statuary of a young, virile man and a young child, a portrait of another young man, and a clean palette hanging on the wall. The meaning behind these articles can be manifold, depending upon one’s point of view, but I think they are all important symbols of the passing nature of vitality and life itself. The flowers, once brilliant and lovely, are now withering in their vase. Music, represented by a man playing a lute in a portrait on the wall and by numerous music related items (a recorder, a conductor’s baton) is itself transient and elusive. Obviously a skull can represent death, but it can just as easily be a reminder of what remains behind. The clean palette hanging on the wall is evocative of a clear start, a new beginning, the option available to us all t o begin again, before it’s too late! In â€Å"Wheel of Fortune†, by Audrey Flack, many objects illustrate the transient nature of this fragile life.

Romantic Love in William Shakespeares As You Like it and Twelfth Night

Romantic Love in William Shakespeare's As You Like it and Twelfth Night The fickleness of romantic love is a major theme in William Shakespeare’s comedies As You Like It and Twelfth Night, or What You Will. Shakespeare’s implicit social commentary takes the fundamentally masculine perspective of romantic relationships, which argues that a clear-cut dichotomy exists between love and physical attraction. According to evolutionary psychological theory, females often tend to automatically associate the emotion of love with physicality and the physical act of sex because an emotional bond with a mate is necessary in order to establish a secure family unit. Males, conversely, intellectually separate love from sexual desire because the essential masculine drive is to father as many offspring as possible, and to have strong emotional bonds with numerous mates is impracticable (Kenyon). By presenting women disguised as men who become the subject of other women’s â€Å"love† at first sight, Shakespeare argues that the feminine notion of a correlation between emotion and attraction is a fallacy worthy of comedic contempt. Amiens’s song from As You Like It sums up this argument. He sings, â€Å"Most friendship is feigning, most loving, mere folly† (As You Like It, II.vii.182). This is an ironic piece of verse, because it is sung in the forest by one of the attending lords of the banished duke. The reader could interpret the duke and his entourage as being symbolic of Robin Hood and his merry men (Moncrief), yet one would find it difficult to imagine Little John telling Robin Hood that his own friendship to Robin was feigning. Love at first sight is treated contemptuously in both As You Like It and Twelfth Night. In th... ...at they were physically attracted to Ganymede and Cesario, respectively. They were mistaken, however, when they attributed their attraction to the emotion of love. Love, in Shakespeare’s artistic portrayal of it, is a deceptive, ethereal phenomenon; false, fleeting, and unreliable. Works Cited Kenyon, Paul. â€Å"Evolutionary Psychology.† SALMON (Study and Learning Materials On-line). 4 Apr. 2000. Univ. of Plymouth Dept. of Psychology. 1 Nov. 2005. . Path: PSY364 Evolutionary Psychology support materials; Evolutionary Psychology. Moncrief, Kathryn M. Lectures on As You Like It. Oct. 2005. Washington College, William Smith Hall, Room 322. Shakespeare, William. As You Like It. Eds. Stanley Wells and Gary Taylor. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1991. ---. Twelfth Night, or What You Will. Eds. Stanley Wells and Gary Taylor. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1991.

NAT TURNER Essay -- essays research papers

Nat Turner   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Early in the morning of August 22,1831, a band of black slaves, led by a lay preacher named Nat Turner, entered the Travis house in Southampton County, Virginia and killed five members of the Travis family. This was the beginning of a slave uprising that was to become known as Nat Turner’s rebellion. Over a thirty-six hour period, this band of slaves grew sixty or seventy in number and slew fifty-eight white persons in and around Jerusalem, Virginia (seventy miles east of Richmond) before the local community could act to stop them. This rebellion raised southern fears of a general slave uprising and had a profound influence on the attitude of Southerners towards slavery.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nat Turner was born a slave in Virginia in 1800, owned by a southern man, named Ben Turner. It was common during this time for the slave to be given the last name of their owner. In this relatively easygoing atmosphere at this particular plantation, Nat was allowed to learn to read and write. growing up, Nat played with his owners’ son until the age of twelve. He was then put to work as a field hand. He believed that that God had chosen him to lead the blacks to freedom. After seeing a halo around the sun on August 13, 1831, Turner believed this to be a sign from god to begin the revolt. Beginning on August 22 and lasting for two days, Turner and seventy recruits went on a rampage. They killed Turner’s master and fifty-eight more men,...

Lars and the Real Girl

My perceptions and presumptions about people who order sex dolls is not limited on the morality of the person but on how he was raised as a child. In most cases, people who perform something unusual is a refelction on his childhood days. This perception and presumption was supported by the movie Lars and the Real Girl wherein Lars fell in love with a doll because of his unhappy childhood. In my case, if a family member or a friend ordered a sex doll, I will not judge the person right away.I will deal the matter with reasonable thinking and focus on the reason why the said act happened. 2. Discuss how Lars constructs a social identity for Bianca. Lars constructed a social identity for Bianca by means of introducing her as his girlfriend, as if she was a real girl. The fact that Bianca is just a doll was lost when the townspeople accepted her character as if she was a real girl. Since Lars treated Bianca as a real girl and allowed her to grow by working as a model and attending meeting s, he painted a scenario that Bianca is an active and normal girl who loves him.Hence, the social identity of Bianca is a girl who is willing to love him while reaching for her dreams. 3. How do the people of the town set up social phenomena (or systems—i. e. , concepts and practices) and follow through with them in relation to Lars and Bianca? In other words, how does the community create for Bianca a subjectivity rather than the objectivity of a doll? Give examples of the shared ideas the community adopts and accepts about Lars, Bianca and their relationship. The townspeople accepted Bianca as a real girl despite the fact that she was a doll.They also accepted her as the girlfriend of Lars which made Lars able to interact with them well. Aside from that, the people in the town allowed Bianca to work as a model in a clothing store and attend social activities. When Bianca was sick and later on died, the people in the town also offered flowers and support for the couple, Lars and Bianca. 4. What moral presumptions (rules that we follow) does the community share about family or romantic relationships? About humanity? About dignity? About sexuality? Explain.About family and romantic relationships, our moral presumption is that boy-girl relationships must be acceptable in the soceity in such a way that parents and family members agree to the relationship. The girl must be hardworking, attractive, and intelligent. In the human race, the person who knows how to interact well with other people are always accepted in the society. People base friendship and camaraderie with how a person agree to the norms and practices of the community he or she belongs. A person is also considered dignified when he has pride and wit to run his life.For example, in the movie Lars and the Real Girl, the attitude of Lars in buying a sex doll named Bianca in the Internet made people think that he was insane. But when he introduced Bianca to the people and the latter's acceptance m ade Lars capable of interacting well with them, he became a dignified person and was accepted as a real man (The Internet Movie Database, 2009, p. 1). Sexuality is based on the quest of becoming a real man and capable of performing responsibilities in the family and the society as a whole. 5.Use deductive reasoning to justify the community’s conduct in Lars and the Real Girl. (A one-sentence hypothesis) The people in the community believes that the presence of Bianca in the life of Lars made him a better person. 6. Use inductive reasoning to construct an idea about people who buy sex dolls using Lars and the Real Girl. (A one-sentence hypothesis) Buying sex dolls is not really an immoral act, and what is important is how the act touches the lives of many people. 8. Is Lars’ relationship with Bianca immoral?Why or why not? The relationship of Bianca and Lars is not really immoral. Their relationship is based on the norms of the society and the difference is only the fac t that Bianca is a doll and not the real girl. But it still depends on the way people think and perceive in a given situation. 9. Which statement best describes your assessment of this film? Why? a. I believe that the movie reinforced the belief that femininity (and females) is best represented by silence and passivity. b.I believe that the movie offered a view of femininity (and females) that is vibrant, active and engaged in their abilities and lives. I choose this description in the film as an assessment because it was proven in the movie that a vibrant, active, and hard working girl is mostly accepted in the society. Like Bianca, any girl who works hard and interact well with other people is a likeable person. References The Internet Movie Database. 2009. Lars and the Real Girl. Retrieved June 1, 2009, from http://www. imdb. com/title/tt0805564/.

Change over Time: Latin America

From 1450 to the present, religious beliefs and practices in Latin America changed in that Catholicism and a blend of religions began to be seen throughout Latin America, but continued in that animistic and nature religions still remained. Changes in Latin American religious ideologies are easily seen from 1450 to the present day. A new religion entered their society. With the discovery of the new world in 1492 by Columbus, many more conquistadors and explorers would come to colonize and explore the new world.Also, a group of people called the Jesuits came to the new world. The spread of Catholicism really began in the 1600’s by the Jesuits who controlled much of Latin America at this time, and gave special privileges to those converted. As this was happening Catholicism was being diffused into the society of Latin Americans. However, because the people were so deeply rooted in Indian culture idol worship remained. Another change was that a blend of both Catholicism and animis tic religion was being formed in Latin America.For example, in modern day Mexico, even though they are Catholic, there are legends and stories that talk about El Tio, the God of the Mine, he is supposed to protect the miners from harm in the mine. Another example, is black magic which began to form in the Caribbean. Because Indians were so deeply rooted in their culture, blending of Catholicism and their culture within religion happened. There were also continuities in religion during this time.First, many animistic and nature religions still continued to play a major role in Latin American societies. The Latin American societies readily supported Catholicism, but held on to their traditional beliefs. One reason they held on to their beliefs was because it was all they had known for hundreds of years, and people who have done something for a very long time are not just going to give up and change it, because it is part of their everyday life.Also, they did not see a need to give up their animistic beliefs no one was forcing them to give them up. There was only an advantage to joining the Catholic church, because the Jesuits would give you special access to missions, and the opportunity for learning. Similar processes to those seen here were also obvious in Sub-Saharan Africa, seeing as the Europeans colonized and explored there too. Christianity also spread to Sub-Saharan Africa and became a major belief system in both societies even over their animistic beliefs and polytheism.

Dreams in of mice and men Essay

Of Mice and Men Dreams Of Mice and Men is set in Salinas, California in the 1930s Great Depression. Life was hard and men could be cruel. Hope might be the only escape from hard reality. This links to the American Dream – represented in George and Lennie’s dream of working hard and getting their own land and farm, and control over their own lives. But it was harder than ever to achieve due to the tough economic conditions of the Depression. After Lennie’s death, it might be possible for George to realise his dream, but the emptiness at the end of the novel shows that financial success is nothing when you are lonely. So the dream is not just something to own, or possess, but also something to share. ‘Compassion and love’, to Steinbeck – as outlined in his Nobel Prize speech are the most important things, as is ‘hope’ – having a dream. Lennie and George have a fairly simple dream: to own a small farm, and be their own bosses, which contrasts with the large factory type farm they are on, where men are treated like machines, which are frequently broken (Crooks and Candy), and isolated from each other. George repeats his and Lennie’s dream like a mantra: ‘we got a future’, suggesting that they are different to the others. ‘Future’ here is a metaphor for something bright, and greater than what they have now – like the American Dream to ‘live off the fatta the land’. The phrase ‘fat of the land’ almost suggests a biblical promised land after the hard, ‘wilderness’ years. The function of the dream therefore is to help them to endure hardship and not give in to despair. They want control of their own lives: ‘we’ll just say the hell with goin to work’. This can make them seem naive however, as farmers have to work whether they want to or not – especially smallholders. When George sets out the dream, he then says that he and Lennie are ‘not like those other guys’. The dream sets George and Lennie apart from the others; they make themselves special: in the inclusive ‘we’ against the exclusive ‘those other guys’. The juxtaposition of ‘us’ and ‘them’ verbally bonds the protagonists together in contrast to the other men – even though they are all, George, Lennie, Crooks, Candy, in the same situation. Still, George and Lennie separate themselves from the others by using the third person to describe farm hands as, ‘the loneliest guys in the world.’ The superlative ‘loneliest’ and hyperbole ‘in the world’ exaggerates the harshness of the world of the Depression as shown in the novel. Sometimes it seems that George ‘owns’ the dream – as he is the one who tells it to Lennie, like a child’s bedtime story, prayer or mantra, in keeping with his role as ‘parent/protector’ to his child-like companion. This is emphasised by the simple, mantra-like structure, where Lennie keeps filling in the gaps if George hesitates, and repeating short phrases after him as if he knows it by heart, even though – as George says frustratedly, Lennie always ‘forgets’ everything else. It is not always certain if George believes the dream is possible or if he is saying it to keep Lennie quiet. Sometimes, George seems sceptical, saying they will have ‘every colour rabbits’ including ‘red and blue’. He is patronising to Lennie, saying ‘good boy’, keeping him safe from his own stupidity. In these scenes the dream seems more of a spell or placebo to keep the main characters safe than something that is really possible. Other characters are very cynical about the dream. The reader is made to question how realistic these dreams are. Curley’s wife dreams of when she threw away the chance to become famous, but we can see that her dream is a sham. Of George and Lennie’s dream, Crooks says: ‘every damn one of them’s got a little piece of land in his head’. Crooks’ final judgement is that ‘never a God damn one of ‘em ever gets it.’ The repetition of the absolute ‘never’ and ‘ever’, as well as the strong slang ‘God damn’ emphasises how desperate life is. However, it is not certain whether Steinbeck shares Crooks’ negative view. Crooks is an extreme character. His language is hyperbole – very extreme and relentlessly negative. Crooks’ phrase ‘God damn’ suggests that God has abandoned these men, in contrast to the biblical image of hope in George and Lennie’s dream of living ‘off the fatta the land’. The biblical imagery continues negatively when Crooks compares the dream of land to being ‘like Heaven’ – the Christian idea of perfect bliss, not considered a physical reality – and which Crooks says is just as impossible to get as a piece of land. It’s hard for George to keep Lennie out of trouble and keep them on track for their dream. But when they tell Candy, it starts to seem as if it might be possible. [needs evidence/ quotation/ language analysis] In an instant, Candy’s faith (and money) take them close to the ideal/dream becoming real. As the dream is shared, or heard by more people, the more it seems that together they might make it come true. Even the ultra negative Crooks starts to believe.[needs evidence/ quotation/ language analysis] But all the time, Steinbeck has built up a foreboding feeling, that this world is hard and horrible and nothing good can live in it. We feel that the gentleness of Lennie and George’s friendship, and their shared dream, will be crushed by the cruel world – even by Lennie’s desire for gentle, soft things. ‘I like soft things’ Every time he kills an animal – mouse or puppy, Lennie’s biggest, darkest fear is that he won’t be allowed ‘to tend the rabbits’. The dream is so precious to him that he wants it at any cost. Curley’s wife is lonely and wants someone to listen to her dream. [needs evidence/ quotation/ language analysis] When she finds Lennie in the barn, she lets him stroke her hair. When she starts screaming, Lennie screams at her to stop or ‘George won’t let me tend the rabbits’. She’s so frightened that she can’t stop and Lennie accidentally kills her. In a way, Lennie’s desire to keep the dream (by keeping Curley’s wife quiet – and smothering her) is the thing that has destroyed it. The irony of this makes it even more poignant. When Candy discovers what has happened all he wants to know is that he and George can still get the farm. [needs evidence/ quotation/ language analysis] He loses sight of human decency – the woman is dead and Lennie will soon die too. Steinbeck makes us ask whether any dream of financial prosperity should be more important than human life? Should we try to get it at any cost? At the end, George tells Lennie the ‘fairy story’ of the dream again – to make him happy at the moment he has to kill the dream of togetherness by shooting him in the head. He almost can’t speak because he is so upset. [needs evidence/ quotation/ language analysis] Even though George could still have the farm with Candy, he is deeply sad that he couldn’t keep Lennie alive. Because the dream isn’t worth much when he doesn’t have his old friend to share it with. Lennie loved the dream more than anyone and he never gets it.

Rhetorical Analysis of Frederick Douglass’s “Learning To Read and Write” Skill Essay

In the excerpt â€Å"Learning to Read and Write,† Frederick Douglass uses an empathic tone, elevated diction, imagery, and telling details to convince a white American audience from the 1850s of the humanity and intelligence of enslaved Africans and the evils of slavery. Warrants: 1 Frederick Douglass’s strongest strategy in his â€Å"Learning to Read and Write† passage is his empathic and compassionate tone that convinces a white 1850s audience of the kindness and humanity of enslaved Africans. 2 Frederick Douglass’s strongest strategy in his â€Å"Learning to Read and Write† passage is his elevated diction that convinces a white 1850s audience of the intelligence of enslaved Africans. 3 Frederick Douglass’s strongest strategy in his â€Å"Learning to Read and Write† passage is the imagery of his mistress’s shift from a â€Å"lamb-like disposition† to a â€Å"tiger-like fierceness† that convinces a white 1850s audience of the evils of slavery. 4 Frederick Douglass’s strongest strategy in his â€Å"Learning to Read and Write† passage is the details he includes about his mistress’s actions that convinces a white 1850s audience of the evils of slavery. Procedure Standard Choosing the Best Warrant Writing Exercise Timing/Pacing 1 This lesson comes after students have been completed work on Moby Dick. Students have read excerpts from Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, including an excerpt in which he resists and defies his master. Students have written their own stories of â€Å"resistance,† a time when they mentally or physically resisted someone’s attempt to control them and how they grew as a result. Students have shared their â€Å"resistance† stories in  read-around in groups or as a whole class and have reflected on in writing and then discussed the patterns found among their classmates’ stories and their messages. Students have also read Douglass’s excerpt â€Å"Learning to Read and Write† and completed a DIDST (Details, Imagery, Diction, Syntax, Tone) chart on the passage. Some background knowledge/familiarity with the American slavery system and â€Å"slave narratives† is helpful. After this lesson, students will write a rhetorical analysi s essay of the â€Å"Learning to Read and Write† passage. 2 This activity is approximately 25 minutes 3 This activity comes after the Do Now. Notes The rationale for this activity is to analyze the strength of a speaker’s arguments and warrants, and what makes an argument and warrant strong. This activity helps prepare students to write a rhetorical analysis of this passage. Follow-up Activities To include an oral activity, follow up with a choosing the best warrant mini debate. Text Reading: Frederick Douglass- excerpts from Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass (These excerpts, the DIDST chart, and related lessons are available online by Googling â€Å"Frederick Douglass AP Lang.†) Name:_____________________________________ Class:__________________Date:______________ Choosing the Best Warrant Writing Exercise In the excerpt â€Å"Learning to Read and Write,† Frederick Douglass uses an empathic tone, elevated diction, imagery, and telling details to convince a white American audience from the 1850s of the humanity and intelligence of enslaved Africans and the evils of slavery. Warrants: 1. His empathic and compassionate tone convinces a white 1850s audience of  the kindness and humanity of enslaved Africans. 2. His elevated diction convinces a white 1850s audience of the intelligence of enslaved Africans. 3. The imagery of his mistress’s shift from a â€Å"lamb-like disposition† to a â€Å"tiger-like fierceness† convinces a white 1850s audience of the evils of slavery. 4. The details he includes about his mistress’s actions convinces a white 1850s audience of the evils of slavery. Preparing to Write Step 1 – Select the strongest warrant. Warrant #___. Step 2 – Provide 2 reasons why the warrant you choose is the strongest Reason 1: Reason 2: Step 3 – Provide 2 reasons, 1 for each of the 2 weaker warrants why they are not as strong of an argument. Warrant #__ is weaker because†¦ Warrant #__ is also weaker because†¦ Paragraph Set-up The strongest reason for believing [claim] is true is the fact that [the warrant you chose]. One reason why this warrant is best is [reason why the warrant is best]. Additionally, [2nd reason why the warrant is best]. Some would argue that [1st opposing warrant] is a better reason to believe [claim], but that is not the case. Specifically, [reason why 1st opposing warrant is weaker]. In addition, others would argue that [2nd opposing warrant] is a better reason to believe [claim], but that is not the case. In fact, [reason why 2nd opposing warrant is weaker]. Thus, [the chosen best warrant] is clearly the best reason to believe [claim].

Charles Dickens

Dickens is using figures of speech to make pictures in the readers head and he is therefore helping people imagine the things he is telling about. One would say that Dickens is using metaphors to put a picture on his story and to make everyone feels how awful and terrible Coketown is. â€Å"Coketown was a town of red brick, or of brick that would have been red if the smoke and ashes had allowed it; but, as matters stood it was a town of unnatural red and black like the painted face of a savage. He also uses the same word again and again to make his negative impression of the factory clear. â€Å"It contained several large streets all very like one another, and many small streets still more like one another, inhabited by people equally like one another (†¦)†. After reading the story you almost smell the smoke and see the clouds of smoke in front of you. â€Å"It was a town of machinery and tall chimneys, out of which interminable serpents of smoke trailed themselves for ever and ever, and never got uncoiled. When you have read that description of the smoke you can feel it everywhere around you like a snake sneaking around because of the metaphor Dickens is making. Another metaphor you can find is when Dickens has to describe the steam-engine. He does that by using a huge animal like an elephant to make people imagine how enormous the engine is. â€Å"(†¦) and where the piston of the steam-engine worked monotonously up and down, like the head of an elephant in a state of melancholy madness† Finally you can conclude that Dickens uses a lot of metaphors and figures of speech to make the reader fells how it is being in Coketown.

The purpose of human rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The purpose of human rights - Essay Example The two are different despite the fact that they relate to one another2. Human rights are the freedoms and rights that all human beings have an entitlement to enjoy during their lifetime. They are the rights that the state has an obligation to provide to the citizens. They include the right to liberty, life, expression and thought, and equal treatment before the law. These rights express the various responsibilities that the government should provide to individuals and, responsibilities of the government authorities to groups or individuals3. The state bears the role of ensuring that all the citizens enjoy their rights. They are fundamental inalienable rights, which all people in the state have an entitlement to as human beings. The rights exist as legal or natural rights in both international and national law. Human rights are an international practice that prevails in policies of different states and, and in various activities organizations that are nongovernmental4. Human rights a re norms that protect people from legal, social, and political abuses. The source of conception of these rights is the treaties, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and the human rights documents that people followed in international organizations. The Declaration of the rights clearly illustrates many human rights that all countries have a responsibility to protect and respect5. The rights fall into six key families, which include Security rights that protect all the people against crimes like murder, torture, rape, and massacre. Due process rights, which protect people against the abuse of legal system. The abuse includes imprisonment of individual without trial, excessive punishments, and secret trials6. Liberty rights protect individuals’ freedom in expression, belief, association, movement, and assembly. Political rights protect a person’s liberty to involve themselves in politics via various acts like assembly, communication, serving in public offices, and vot ing. Equality rights ensure equal citizenship, non-discrimination and equality before the law. Welfare rights ensure that an individual acquire quality education and that the government protects them from starvation and severe poverty. Group rights are also remarkably vital rights that the Universal Declaration leaves that protect the different ethnic groups from genocide. It also covers the ownership of various resources and territories by the groups7. The various ideas that led to the development of the human rights arose during the Second World War. In 1948, the United Nations made a remarkable step in adopting the Universal Declaration of Human rights. The societies that existed during the period had developed elaborate systems, political legitimacy, and conceptions of justice meant to realize human dignity. Another crucial issue that has contributed to the development of human rights is the secularization of the Judeo-Christian ethics by the Europeans. A human being gives birth to a baby who is equal in dignity to the mother8. Human beings have a conscience and reason that guides them to act to one another in the spirit of goodwill. Human rights form vocabularies that articulate the norms of various cultures that guide people to associate with one another effectively9. The widespread nature of agreements of international human rights provides the necessary support of the values that human widely share. Human rights norms are